当细胞进入不可逆的周期阻滞状态时,称之为细胞衰老。细胞衰老与机体衰老、衰老相关疾病和肿瘤的发生密切相关。衰老细胞失去原有功能。这一过程伴随着染色质的重组,特别是包含占人类基因组17%的长散在核元件1(LINE1)的异染色质区域变得更松散和更易接近,使得LINE1解除抑制
虽然已发现许多转录因子在不同生物学背景下调控LINE1转录,但在衰老细胞中,FOXA1是唯一已知的结合LINE1并增强LINE1转录的因子
近日,3344体育官方入口毛志勇教授团队在EMBO reports发表题为The transcription factor PAX5 activates human LINE1 retrotransposons to induce cellular senescence的研究成果,该研究发现调控人LINE1逆转录转座子的新转录因子PAX5。PAX5在5'-UTR的富集激活LINE1并促进细胞衰老和SASP的分泌。该团队亦发现,长寿基因SIRT6结合于PAX5启动子并抑制PAX5表达以抑制LINE1转录,从而抑制细胞衰老。
在该项工作中,研究团队通过分析不同类型衰老细胞中共同上调的LINE1元件的5'非翻译区中的保守结合基序,预测了几种与人类LINE1元件结合以调节其转录的转录因子,并结合LINE1 5'-UTR与荧光素酶融合报告载体筛选并鉴定出PAX5为LINE1启动子活性的新正调控因子。在衰老细胞中,观察到PAX5表达增加,并且PAX5在LINE1元件5'-UTR区域的结合增强,从而促进LINE1转录,加强细胞衰老并促进SASP分泌。研究团队还证明了长寿基因SIRT6通过直接结合PAX5启动子抑制PAX5的转录,而PAX5的过表达消除了SIRT6对压力依赖性细胞衰老的抑制作用。
图 筛选LINE1调控转录因子及PAX5调控LINE1促进细胞衰老模式图
综上所述,该研究团队建立了一种基于细胞衰老中共同上调的LINE1转录本,识别并筛选富集转录因子的方法。阐述了PAX5调控LINE1并促进细胞衰老的分子机制,以及长寿基因SIRT6对PAX5调控的分子机制。该研究发现调控LINE1转录活性的新转录因子PAX5,拓宽了细胞衰老进程中LINE1的调控机制,为抑制LINE1激活和治疗衰老相关疾病的药物开发,提供了全新的靶点。
3344体育官方入口附属妇产科医院/3344体育官方入口博士后唐欢胤和博士研究生杨佳庆为本论文的共同第一作者。3344体育官方入口附属妇产科医院/3344体育官方入口毛志勇教授为本文的通讯作者。毛志勇教授课题组的许君豪博士研究生、耿安珂助理教授、张伟娜助理教授和蒋颖副教授也参与了该项工作。
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